Oak Openings Plant List

Graminoids

• big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii)
• sedges (Carex bicknellii, C. brevior, C.meadii, and others)
• panic grasses (Dichanthelium spp.)
• porcupine grass (Hesperostipa spartea)
• switch grass (Panicum virgatum)
• little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium)
• Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans)

Forbs

• hog-peanut (Amphicarpaea bracteata)
• thimbleweed (Anemone cylindrica)
• pussytoes (Antennaria howellii and A. parlinii)
• spreading dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium)
• pale Indian plantain (Arnoglossum atriplicifolium)
• milkweeds (Asclepias purpurascens, A. syriaca, A. tuberosa, A. verticillata, and A. viridiflora)
• white false indigo (Baptisia lactea)
• false boneset (Brickellia eupatorioides)
• bastard-toadflax (Comandra umbellata)
• prairie coreopsis (Coreopsis palmata)
• tall coreopsis (Coreopsis tripteris)
• tick-trefoils (Desmodium spp.)
• daisy fleabane (Erigeron strigosus)
• upland boneset (Eupatorium sessilifolium)
• flowering spurge (Euphorbia corollata)
• wild strawberry (Fragaria virginiana)
• American columbo (Frasera caroliniensis)
• northern bedstraw (Galium boreale)
• white gentian (Gentiana alba)
• wild geranium (Geranium maculatum)
• woodland sunflower (Helianthus divaricatus)
• western sunflower (Helianthus occidentalis)
• pale-leaved sunflower (Helianthus strumosus)
• veiny pea (Lathyrus venosus)
• bush-clovers (Lespedeza capitata, L. frutescens, L. hirta, L. violacea, and L. virginica)
• hoary puccoon (Lithospermum canescens)
• wild lupine (Lupinus perennis)
• false spikenard (Maianthemum racemosum)
• wild-bergamot (Monarda fistulosa)
• wood-betony (Pedicularis canadensis)
• prairie phlox (Phlox pilosa)
• Solomon-seal (Polygonatum biflorum)
• common mountain mint (Pycnanthemum virginianum)
• early buttercup (Ranunculus fascicularis)
• yellow coneflower (Ratibida pinnata)
• black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia hirta)
• starry campion (Silene stellata)
• goldenrods (Solidago caesia, S. juncea, S. nemoralis, S. rigida, and S. speciosa)
• asters (Symphyotrichum laeve, S. oolentangiense, and S. pilosum)
• yellow pimpernel (Taenidia integerrima)
• feverwort (Triosteum perfoliatum)
• Culver’s root (Veronicastrum virginicum)
• American vetch (Vicia americana)
• pale vetch (Vicia caroliniana)
• golden alexanders (Zizia aurea)

Ferns

• bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum)

Woody Vines

• Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)
• bristly greenbrier (Smilax hispida)
• poison-ivy (Toxicodendron radicans)
• summer grape (Vitis aestivalis)
• riverbank grape (Vitis riparia)

Shrubs

• leadplant (Amorpha canescens)
• New Jersey tea (Ceanothus americanus)
• gray dogwood (Cornus foemina)
• American hazelnut (Corylus americana)
• American plum (Prunus americana)
• pasture rose (Rosa carolina)
• northern dewberry (Rubus flagellaris)
• sumacs (Rhus copallina, R. glabra, and R. typhina)
• prairie willow (Salix humilis)

Trees

• pignut hickory (Carya glabra)
• shagbark hickory (Carya ovata)
• white oak (Quercus alba)
• bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
• chinquapin oak (Quercus muehlenbergii)
• dwarf chinquapin oak (Quercus prinoides)
• red oak (Quercus rubra)
• black oak (Quercus velutina)