Hardwood-Conifer Swamp Plant List

Graminoids

  • sedges (Carex bromoides, C. crinita, C. disperma, C. folliculata, C. gracillima, C. hystericina, C. intumescens, C. lacustris, C. lupulina, C. stricta, and others)
  • wood reedgrasses (Cinna arundinacea and C. latifolia)
  • Virginia wild-rye (Elymus virginicus)
  • fowl manna grass (Glyceria striata)
  • rice cut grass (Leersia oryzoides)
  • bog bluegrass (Poa paludigena)
  • fowl meadow grass (Poa palustris)

Forbs

  • wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis)
  • jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum)
  • beggar-ticks (Bidens spp.)
  • marsh-marigold (Caltha palustris)
  • spring cress (Cardamine bulbosa)
  • Pennsylvania bitter cress (Cardamine pensylvanica)
  • cuckoo-flower (Cardamine pratensis)
  • turtlehead (Chelone glabra)
  • golden saxifrage (Chrysosplenium americanum)
  • small enchanter’s-nightshade (Circaea alpina)
  • virgin’s bower (Clematis virginiana)
  • bluebead lily (Clintonia borealis)
  • goldthread (Coptis trifolia)
  • lady-slippers (Cypripedium spp.)
  • flat-topped white aster (Doellingeria umbellata)
  • willow-herbs (Epilobium spp.)
  • jewelweed (Impatiens capensis)
  • twinflower (Linnaea borealis)
  • northern bugle weed (Lycopus uniflorus)
  • tufted loosestrife (Lysimachia thyrsiflora)
  • Canada mayflower (Maianthemum canadense)
  • partridge berry (Mitchella repens)
  • bishop’s-cap (Mitella diphylla)
  • naked miterwort (Mitella nuda)
  • northern wood sorrel (Oxalis acetosella)
  • golden ragwort (Packera aurea)
  • smartweeds (Persicaria spp.)
  • gay-wings (Polygala paucifolia)
  • water-parsnip (Sium suave)
  • goldenrods (Solidago patula, S. rugosa, and others)
  • calico aster (Symphyotrichum lateriflorum)
  • swamp aster (Symphyotrichum puniceum)
  • skunk-cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus)
  • starflower (Trientalis borealis)
  • violets (Viola spp.)

Ferns

  • wood ferns (Dryopteris spp.)
  • oak fern (Gymnocarpium dryopteris)
  • sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis)
  • cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea)
  • interrupted fern (Osmunda claytoniana)
  • royal fern (Osmunda regalis)
  • New York fern (Thelypteris noveboracensis)

Fern Allies

  • horsetails (Equisetum spp.)

Woody Vines

  • red honeysuckle (Lonicera dioica)
  • Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)
  • poison-ivy (Toxicodendron radicans)
  • riverbank grape (Vitis riparia)

Mosses

  • callicladium moss (Callicladium haldanianum)
  • big red stem moss (Pleurozium schreberi)
  • sphagnum mosses (Sphagnum spp.)

Shrubs

  • tag alder (Alnus incana)
  • bunchberry (Cornus canadensis)
  • dogwoods (Cornus foemina and C. sericea)
  • creeping snowberry (Gaultheria hispidula)
  • winterberry (Ilex verticillata)
  • spicebush (Lindera benzoin)
  • Canadian fly honeysuckle (Lonicera canadensis)
  • alder-leaved buckthorn (Rhamnus alnifolia)
  • swamp red currant (Ribes triste)
  • dwarf raspberry (Rubus pubescens)
  • poison sumac (Toxicodendron vernix)

Trees

  • balsam fir (Abies balsamea)
  • red maple (Acer rubrum)
  • mountain maple (Acer spicatum)
  • yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis)
  • paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
  • musclewood (Carpinus caroliniana)
  • black ash (Fraxinus nigra)
  • green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
  • tamarack (Larix laricina)
  • white spruce (Picea glauca)
  • black spruce (Picea mariana)
  • white pine (Pinus strobus)
  • northern white-cedar (Thuja occidentalis)
  • basswood (Tilia americana)
  • hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
  • American elm (Ulmus americana)

Citation

Cohen, J.G., M.A. Kost, B.S. Slaughter, D.A. Albert, J.M. Lincoln, A.P. Kortenhoven, C.M. Wilton, H.D. Enander, and K.M. Korroch. 2020. Michigan Natural Community Classification [web application]. Michigan Natural Features Inventory, Michigan State University Extension, Lansing, Michigan. Available https://mnfi.anr.msu.edu/communities/classification. (Accessed: October 15, 2024).